xGenius and Zeus can simulate TDM network dynamics by generating impairments on a line that controls the C37.94 protection protocol. It is essential to test the impact these errors may cause in the lab or the field.

Protection schemes, such as C37.94, have the objective of keeping the Power System stable and isolated. For correct function the control of latency, latency variations and asymmetry is fundamental.

A synchrophasor is a device that measures electrical waves in an electrical network. A synchrophasor uses a common time reference to synchronize multiple measurements from remote points on the electrical network.

The new substation clocks typically run PTP/NTP over PRP but also include all the legacy signal to facilitate the integration of conventional substations and the new IEC 61850 standards by offering a wide variety of reference inputs and outputs.